Comportamento de Diaphorina citri Kuwayama, 1908 (Hemiptera:psyllidae) em microcosmos heterogêneos de citros associados a plantas interferentes

Abstract

Standing out as the main phytosanitary challenge of citrus growing, Huanglongbing (HLB or ex-greening) is considered the most devastating disease of citrus culture, which is related to three species of bacteria: Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus, Candidatus Liberibacter americanus e Canditatus Liberibacter africanus. O processo de disseminação das bactérias se dá principalmente pelos insetos vetores Diaphorina citri Kuwayama 1908 (Hemíptera: Psyllidae) e o Trioza erytreae Del Guercio, 1918 (Hemiptera: Triozidae). Behavioral insect management strategies have been an interesting alternative for early detection, monitoring, pest population reduction and reduction of disease dissemination, in addition to reducing the high dependence on pesticides. The current work aimed to evaluate the behavior of Diaphorina citri in different microcosms formed by citrus plants in the presence and absence of interfering plants. The heterogeneous microcosms were composed of citrus seedlings in association with each of the interfering species (rue, cashew, mango and myrtle). For each microcosm, 100 individuals of D. citri from stock breeding were used. Through daily readings for 4 days, the number of psyllid adults present in each microcosm and the putative migrants were evaluated. Finally, the “push and pull” (repels and attracts) and attractiveness indices were determined, in addition to the elaboration of graphical representations. The microcosms composed of interfering plants such as rue, mango and myrtle influenced the smaller amount of D. citri found in citrus plants. The interfering action of mango associated with citrus plants promoted a higher proportion of putative migrant insects (73.69%). As plantas de murta demonstraram ser mais atrativas aos adultos de D. citri do que as plantas de citros (IA = 1,3). Os resultados indicam que as plantas de arruda, mangueira e murta associadas a plantas de citros exercem efeito sobre o comportamento da D. citri (atração ou repelência), com potencial de uso em sistemas de manejo comportamental de pragas, como é o caso do sistema “push and pull” (repele e atrai).