Checklist da tribo vernonieae cass. (Asteraceae) no Parque Nacional de Boa Nova, Bahia

Abstract

Asteraceae is considered the largest family of Eudicotyledoneas, it is represented by 16 subfamilies, 50 tribes and about 30,000 species distributed worldwide. The family is characterized by the flowers grouped in heads, anthers united, inferior bicarpellar ovary with one erect basal ovule and presence of cypselas usually with modified sepals (pappus). A Vernonieae Cass tribe. it is the second largest in number of species in Brazil. The Vernonieae classification has been defined, mainly, based on microcharacters, such as pollen grains, secondary compounds, trichome pattern in the branches of the stylet, epidermal structures in the corolla, number of ribs in the cypsella, among others. The Parque Nacional de Boa Nova (PNBN) located in the municipalities of Boa Nova, Dário Meira and Manoel Vitorino in the state of Bahia and has phytophysiognomies in parallel bands of the Atlantic Forest, Mata de Cipó and Caatinga with altitudes ranging between 400 and 1100m. The objective of this work was to carry out a survey of Vernonieae species from PNBN. Collections were carried out between 2012 and 2017, in addition to the study of Vernonieae herb material, which is represented in the PNBN, by 15 species distributed in 8 genera. The phytophysiognomy with the highest occurrence of species was the Atlantic Forest, mainly in the ombrophilous forest, with the occurrence of 11 species, followed by Mata de cipó and Caatinga with four species. The Vernonanthura genus presented a greater number of species (4 spp.) and greater distribution in the PNBN phytophysiognomies. Vernonanthura discolor and Lessingianthus morii are rare in the region, with one or a few limitations. Piptocarpha reitziana was first registered for the state of Bahia, emphasizing the importance of floristic surveys in conservation units. The morphology of heads and cypsellas were important characters for identification.