Caracterização da paisagem da Praça de Eventos de Cruz das Almas-BA: o lago e o seu entorno

Abstract

Living and leisure spaces represent a source of inspiration and harmony between man and nature, as in addition to providing people with well-being, they are places of “refuge” (natural habitats) for many species. In this research, a study was developed on Lake Laranjeira, located in the municipality of Cruz das Almas (BA), concerning the theme of changes in the natural landscape and the use of its physical space, through infrastructure work. The research demonstrates the environmental and urban importance of land use and occupation, associated with the advancement of buildings occupying green areas; the legal instruments that direct the use and occupation of riverbanks, such as permanent preservation areas and the infrastructure of the studied site, with the purpose of exposing a critical view of their relevance to the community in general. Lakes are reservoirs protected by Federal Law because they have important and vital characteristics for the conservation of the environment as areas of permanent preservation, whose environmental function is to preserve water resources, the landscape, human resources and offer stability to the ecosystem. For the development of the study, the local infrastructure and the changes that occurred were verified, using the Google Earth tool and overflight with an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) for this purpose. Additionally, photographic records were made in the field, over a certain period of time, in which profound changes were noticed, such as the reduction of vegetation and growth of buildings, the reduction of the natural process of water percolation into the soil with surface waterproofing, the alteration in the volume of water in the reservoir, in the soil and a process of silting and scars of exposed soil. The research describes, identifies and quantifies the development of the region and what the urban agents and environmental impacts were through each period under study, contributing importantly to understanding the relationship between the lake, the community and environmental impacts.