Avaliação da localização dos pontos de disposição final dos resíduos sólidos urbanos no Recôncavo Baiano

Abstract

The main modalities of final disposal of urban solid waste (USW) used in Brazil are: dumping ground, controlled landfill and landfill. However, only the last one agrees with the PNRS (2010)(ABRELPE, 2015). The selected location to operation a landfill must comply with technical, enviromental and legal restrictions, seeking to preserve the enviroment and public health (TAVARES; CARISSIMI, 2012). This study has as objective to evaluate if the spots of final dispositions of solid residues of Urban Solid Waste, of the municipalities of bahiano's Recôncavo, are in accordance with the locational criteria established by the current legislation. The data for the accomplishment of this study were obtained through the use of geoprocessing tools. It was found that the location situation of the USW, in general, inadequate. The landfill of the city of Cruz das Almas presented the worst situation, as well as being in a area of permanent preservation it served only 50% of the criteria evaluated in this study. It was indentified that the municipalities of Nazaré, Santo Amaro, Maragogipe e Salinas das Margaridas are disposin their waste in a irregular way to the PNRS (2010). The city of Muritiba attended all the locacional criteria evaluated being located in na area suitable to host this kind of activity. Finaly, it can be inferred that the final disposition of the USW from this region of Bahia, in general, is configured as a potential contamination scenario of the land, water and air of the place in addition to posing a risk to the health of the population.