Biofertilizante aplicado em sistemas de irrigação localizada no cultivo de bananeira

Abstract

This research aimed to evaluate the effects of fertirrigation with biofertilizer on the performance of a drip and micro sprinkler irrigation systems as well as on the growth and production of banana cv. D'angola and on the soil chemical attributes. Biofertilizers of 50 and 75% concentrations were applied by microsprinkler in the experiment 1 and drip irrigation system in the experiment 2 during the first production cycle of the crop. Each experiment followed a randomized block design with eight treatments and three replicates. The treatments of experiment 1 consisted of a combination of concentrations of biofertilizer and flow rates of the microsprinklers; treatments consisted of the four types of drippers in experiment 2. The evaluations of the emitters were relative flow rate, degree of clogging and CUD (uniformity coefficient of distribution). Soil samples were collected prior to the application of the treatments and after the end of the production cycle in order to analyze soil physical and chemical attributes. Plant growth such as leaf number, diameter and height of the pseudo stem was evaluated. Weight of leaves, number of leaves and fruits per bunch were evaluate at harvest. The physical-chemical characteristics of the fruit were also evaluated during post-harvest phase. Analysis of variance detected effect of the interaction between the flow rate of microsprinklers and the concentration of biofertilizer on relative flow rate, degree of clogging and CUD. Type of dripper also influenced these same dependent variables. There was effect of the interaction between the type of dripper and biofertilizer concentration on the diameter and height of the plant. Except for K, Ca, Mg and CTC, biofertilizer concentration applied by microasplinker influenced chemical attributes of the soil, whereas biofertilizer concentration did not influence Ca, Mg, Na and organic matter when applied by drippers. The 70 Lh-1-microsprinkler allowed the use of the most concentrated solution with 75% biofertilizer. The 4 Lh-1 Tif PC Click dripper obtained better performance with application of biofertilizer at concentrations of 50 and 75%.