Fitossociologia de um fragmento florestal no município de Cruz das Almas, Bahia

Abstract

This research has as object of study the floristic and phytosociological survey in Cruz das Almas and objective detail the tree structure and the distribution of species. To understand this question, the research approach is direct and evaluate the diversity of species in the area, located on the border between the Federal University of Bahia Reconcavo - UFRB and Embrapa Cassava and hollow in the South of Bahia, in Cruz das Almas, making it require a qualitative and quantitative monitoring of this activity. From a literature review focused on the conceptual nature of floristic and phytosociology, carried out a phytosociological survey in a forest fragment of semi-deciduous forest, through the simple random method, where they were drawn fifteen (15) of 200 m2 plots (10 x 20 m each) totaling 3,000 m2, considering individuals of CAP ≥ 15 cm. The analysis and cross data allowed us to understand that the fragment under study showed 166 individuals, 13 botanical families and 19 species and total individuals sampled 9 were identified for the species, only family and 6 were not possible taxonomic identification. The most representative family in number of species were Fabaceae, with 5 species, and one (1) has not been identified. The most representative species density and dominance were Mimosa tenuiflora (Willd.) Poir (VI = 12.46), Ziziphus joazeiro Mart. (VI = 11.13) and Byrsonima sp (IV = 9.63). The sampling revealed vegetation with average height and diameter of 5.9m and 9,8cm, respectively. The diversity (H ') of 2.68 is low for Brazilian semideciduous forests. Knowledge of the floristic composition and phytosociological structure allows to obtain important information for landscape planning and restoration of ecosystems.