Atributos do solo, crescimento e produção da bananeira sob fertirrigação com e sem cobertura morta

Abstract

The sustainability of agriculture depends on management practices aimed at rational use of natural resources. In this context, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of soil properties, growth and yield of banana under fertigation with and without mulch. The study was conducted in the experimental area of Embrapa Cassava and Fruits Cruz das Almas – BA. Yellow Latosol Dystrophic Clayey texture to moderate, with cohesive horizons of low fertility with BRS Princess subjected to two irrigation systems. The experiment was arranged in a randomized block design with four replications and six treatments: T1 - Irrigated drip with manual fertilization; T2 - Irrigated by micro with manual fertilization; T3 - fertirrigated drip with mulch; T4 - fertirrigated drip without mulching; T5 - fertirrigated by micro with dead and T6 coverage - fertirrigated by micro without mulch. The variables studied were: the chemical properties such as pH, P, K, Ca, Mg, Ca + Mg, H + Al, Na, SB, CTC, V and MOS; physical: Ds, Ma, Mi and PT; roots were total root length (CT); root length density (DCR, cm cm-3), PE (effective depth) and DE (effective distance), diameter of the roots; growth: plant height, pseudostem perimeter and number of leaves and production: length and diameter of the fruits, and productivity. The results showed that the use of mulch associated with fertigation increased levels of chemical, physical and biological soil with increased biodiversity of soil organisms. Increased CT (cm), and DCR (cm cm-3) further expansion of the system by micro fertirrigated. He did not interfere in diameter classes, but its location near the soil surface. conventional fertilization with irrigation systems had a lower performance in growth variables in the first and second cycle. The bunches of productivity of irrigated banana by micro and drip with soil mulch and fertigation were higher than other treatments in the three cycles. The fertigation with mulch drip and micro sprinkler had higher efficiency of water use, the use of nitrogen and potassium in the last two cycles.