Avaliação das ações de restauração ecológica por meio de diferentes indicadores na Fazenda Capivari – Danco Comércio e Indústria de Fumos Ltda

Abstract

After the restoration actions, it is essential to evaluate and monitor the performance of these areas in order to verify their future sustainability potential in the field. There are some indicators that allow confirmation that these actions are in fact promoting its restoration and perpetuation over time. For this study, the following indicators were used: evaluation of grass coverage; the structural verification of the forest through crown cover and the assessment of litter accumulation at different ages of reforestation of three, five and seven years, located in APP areas of the company Danco Comércio e Indústria de Fumos Ltda. in the municipality of Governador Mangabeira, Bahia. Data collection was carried out in an area of 2500m2 (50mx50m): For the litter, collectors were prescribed on the ground in 20 plots in each area and the material was separated into leaves, branches, fruits and miscellaneous fractions, and subsequently dried in oven (60°C, 72h) until constant weight. For grass coverage, 200 linear meters were sampled using the line intersection method with a 50-meter rope demarcated in 1-meter segments. In the survey of the characteristics included, three lines were launched in the 5 and 7 year old reforestations, each one containing nine collection points of the hemispheric photos. Photos of each point with better contrast between canopy and sky were visitors in the Gap Light Analyzer 2.0 program. After analyzing the mean, standard deviation and percentage of the data, the results were: The litter production rate in the leaf collection was predominant in all reforestations, with higher volumes in the 7-year-old reforestations. Standard deviation values were often greater than the mean, demonstrating large variation in the data set. Invasive species have a significant influence on the process of ecological restoration in the area, especially in younger reforestations, with the highest average percentage not being 5 years old (97%) and the lowest not being 7 years old (67%). The 5-year reforestation showed a lower average opening percentage canopy (23.02%), indicating the need for management interventions that act as succession catalysts and can promote improvement in dynamic processes.