Dos calos nas mãos aos sapatos nas vitrines: a precarização do trabalho em uma indústria de calçados no interior da Bahia

Abstract

The present study aims to investigate and explain the dimensions of the precariousness of work in an industrial unit producing footwear in the municipality of Amargosa-BA and the consequences on the lives of workers and former workers in the industry. THE initial discussion situates the theme in the Marxist debate about the work category and its role structuring of human sociability while addressing the subsumption of work to capital as the core of the capitalist production and reproduction process, biased by cyclical crises that lead to the end and end of the greater exploitation of work in an attempt to stabilization and expansion of capitalism. The precariousness of work is an uncontested expression of this process and despite being intrinsic to the capitalist mode of production and social organization since its emergence, it has gained new contours and mechanisms in contemporary times. We show the main expressions and consequences of precarious work in Brazil and how this political, economic and social phenomenon has reconfigured society and the way of workers' lives. The discussion about the Brazilian footwear industry contextualizes the development of the theme providing a general characterization of this sector production and the phenomenon of industrial respatialization that brought to Bahia units productive areas of traditional territories in the manufacture of footwear. This movement was justified a priori by the development impact resulting from the introduction of these industries in economically backward locations such as the municipality of Amargosa, thus, the expressions of the precariousness of work question the nature of this development, step in which they express the antinomy of the idea of ​​progress in the lives of workers and former industry workers.