Frequência e doses de biofertilizante via fertirrigação no cultivo da bananeira e sua relação com os atributos do solo

Abstract

The use of biofertilizer has become a growing practice throughout Brazil, mainly behind the search for inputs that allow an increase in growth and agricultural production with reduced impact and at no cost to the producer. Two experiments were carried out with the 'Grand Naine' (AAA) and 'BRS Platina' (AAAB) banana varieties, in the climatic regions of the municipality of Cruz das Almas-BA. The experiment had as objective to evaluate the applications and doses of biofertilizer via drip fertirrigation, in the physical, chemical and biological attributes of the soil, and quality and fruit quality of the 'Grand Naine' banana tree. The treatments consisted of three application frequencies (F1 = 15, F2 = 30 and F3 = 45 days) and five doses of biofertilizer 'Vairo' (0, 100, 180, 280 and 375 mL plant-1), totaling 15 plants with three replicates, with six plants per treatment. The experiment II had the objective of using biofertilizer doses via microaspersion in the physical, chemical and biological attributes of the soil, as well as the quality and quality of the fruits of the 'BRS Platina' banana tree. The experimental design was a randomized block design. The treatments consisted of five doses of biofertilizer 'Vairo' (0, 100, 180, 280 and 375 mL plant-1 month-1), with ten useful plants per treatment. In the two experiments the attributes evaluated were: aggregate stability, soil density, total porosity, macro and microporosity and saturated hydraulic conductivity; Chemicals: hydrogenation potential in water, phosphorus (Mehlich-1), potassium, calcium, magnesium, sodium, acidity potential, base sum, cation exchange capacity, base saturation and soil organic matter; Biological: microbial biomass carbon, soil basal respiration and metabolic quotient. The quality memories were: mass of the penca; Number of fruits, fruit mass, fruit length, fruit diameter, elongation index, pulp mass, pulp / bark ratio, pulp yield, pulp diameter, titratable acidity, total soluble solids, hydrogenation potential and humidity. As the production variables were: mass of the bunch, mass of the bunch, number of fruits, number of bunch, average fruit size, average number of leaves, fruit productivity and bunch productivity. The dose of 375 mL plant-1 at the 15 day frequency gave a lower value of soil density in the cultivation of the 'Grande Naine' banana fertirrigado via drip irrigation. The physical attributes were not influenced by the doses of biofertilizer in the cultivation of 'BRS Platina' fertirrigada via microaspersão. The dose of 166 mL plant-1 maximized the carbon of the microbial biomass of the soil cultivated with cv. BRS Platina. The chemical attributes of the soil were not influenced by the doses of biofertilizer in the cultivation of 'BRS Platina' fertirrigada via microaspersão.